Control system for fly-wheel motors.



J. s. PECK & s. EC RMANN.

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR FLY WHEEL MOTORS.

APPLICATION FIL D JAN-15,1913.

Patented an. 1, 1918.

ATTORNEY IT D STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

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common srsrnm FOR FLY-WHEEL morons.

To all. whom it may concern Be it known that we, JOHN SEDGWICK Peon, a citizen of the United States, and SIEGMUND ECKMANN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and residents, respectively, of Altrincham. in the county of Chester, England, and Whalley Range, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Control Systems for Fly-Wheel Motors, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the operation of direct current electric motors and more particularly to such motors as are provided with heavy fly wheels the kinetic energy stored in which is utilized to assist the motors in carrying their loads. Motors of this kind are used for drivin intermittent loads such, for'instance, as r0 ling mills, and are provided with compound windings so that, as the load comes on, the current through the series windings strengthens the fields of the motors and causes them to slow down,

.thus enabling the fly wheels to give up a portion of their stored energy.-

In rolling mill work, it is necessary, by reason of the difierent sections which are rolled, to have a variable speed motor, the speed range being usually in the proportion of about 3 to 1. When small sections are being rolled, the speed of the motor is high "and when large sections are being rolled it is low. When the motor is running at a high speed, a certain drop in the speed of the fly wheel represents a certain amount of energy given up by the fly wheel but, when the. motor is operating at a low speed, a similar drop in speed represents much less energy given up by the fly wheel. Thus, it

is evident that the change in speed of the fly wheel should be greater when the motor is operating at a low speed than when it is operating at a high speed but, under the usual conditions, the operation is just the reverse of this, because, when the motor is operating at high speed, its shunt field is weak, consequently the series field is normally much stronger in proportion to the shunt field than'it is at. low speed which is obtained by strengthening the shunt field. With the motor operating at a low speed, the series field will be weak as compared with the shunt field, so that the change inspeed of the fly wheel will be but small as Patented Jan. 1, 1918.

Application filed January 15, 1913. Serial No. 742,249.

the load goes on, whereas, as mentioned above, a much eater change in fly wheel speed is require when the motor is running at a low speed than when it is running at a high' speed, in order that a given amount of energy may be given up by the fl Wheel. In some cases as in the operation 0 rolling mills, it is also important that the difference between full-load speed and speed at friction load, should not exceed a certain amount, say 10%. This difference in speed depends on the relative strengths of the series field and the shunt field. It is obvious, therefore, that a speed regulation obtained by altering the shunt field only must necessarily alter the relative strengths of the fields and, consequently, the desired ratio between full-load speed and friction speed.

In order to overcome the difficulties indicated above, means are provided according to the present invention whereby the series field of the motor may be varied at the same time that the shunt field is varied to change the speed of the motor. The va-' riations in the shunt and series fields of the motor are arranged to take place in the same sense, that is to say, when the shunt field is weakened the series field will be weakened also, and vice 'versa. Under these circumstances, it will be readily perceived that, when the motor is running at a high speed and the shunt field is weak, the series field, although it has been weakened also, is still sufficiently strong, as compared with the shunt field, to secure a suflicient drop in speed of the fly wheel and enable the latter to give up the desired amount of energy. On the other hand when the motor is running at a slow speed and the shunt field is strong, the series field will also be comparatively strong-and thus a change in the current passing will effect the greater change in speed of the fly wheel which is necessary when the latter is running at a slow speed to enable it to give up the desired amount of energy.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing one form of our invention and Fig. 2 is a similar view showing of the motor, the rheostat for efiectin this variation in resistance being mechanica ly or electrically coupled to the rheostatfor varying'the shunt field in such a way that, as the rheostat is operated to weaken the shunt field, the 'rheostat governing the resistance .in shunt to the series field winding will also be operated to weaken the latter field and vice versa. Thisarrangement is indicated diagrammatically in Fi 1 of the accompanying drawings in w ich the rheosta-t 5 is in shunt to the series field winding 3 of the motor armature 4, the usual rheostat in the shunt field winding 6 being indicated at 7. The supply mains are shown a t\8 and the fly wheel coupled to the motor armature at 9. The movable contact arms 10 and :11

of the rheostats 5 and 7 are connected together by a link 12 by means of whlch any movement of one of the contact arms 10 and 11 will be communicated to the other of said arms.

It will be seen that if the arm 11 is rotated in an upward direction from the position shown, by which movement the amount of resistance in the shunt field winding 6 will be reduced, the movement simultaneously communicated by the link 12 to the arm 10, will cut in resistance into the shunt aroundthe series field winding'3. In this way, both the series and shunt field will be strengthened and it will be readily perceived that movement of either of the arms 10 and.

11 in the opposite direction will simultaneously weaken said fields.

The actual form of the controlling apparatus used for carrying the present invention into efi'ect is not limited to the examples given above as it will be readily perceived by those skilled in the art that various forms of control apparatus may be adapted there-,

to. ,Whatever form of control apparatus is adopted, it is preferable to so arrange the same that the'series field may be independently adjusted to suit thespecific load conditions. For example as shown in Fig. 1, the connection of the link 12 with the arm 10 may be made by inserting the pin with which the end of the link is provided into any one of the series of holes 13 in the free end or branch of the arm 10. By this means, the relative positions of the arms 10 and 11 may be so adjusted as to vary the relative portions in the amount of resistance included in the shunt. around the series field winding as compared with that in the shunt field winding.

Instead of the series of holes 13, a slot 15 as shown in Fig. 2, may be provided in the free end of the arm 10 in which the pin at the end of the link 12 maybe adjusted, the pin being fixed in position by a screw clamp 16.-

7 Instead of connecting an adjustable resistor in shunt'to the series field winding,

switching devices may be provided by means of which one or more sections or turns of the series field windin may be cut out of'operation when it is desired to reduce thestrength of the series field.

' This form of the invention is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 2 of the drawings in which the contact arm 10 is'adapted' to cooperate with a series offixed terminals 14 to which turns of the series 'field winding 3 are connected. Movement of the arm 10 over the terminals 14 in the-upward direction from the position shown will cut in in succession turns of the series field winding 3 and thus strengthen the series field at the same time that the shunt field is strengthened by the movement of the arm 11 of the rheostat 7 which simultaneously cuts outresaid simultaneous variations.

2. The combination with a dynamo-electric machine having a plurality of field windings, of two controlling devices associated therewith, each of said devices comprising a pivotally mounted member, of means connected to one of said members and adapted to be connected to the other of said members at varying distances from its piv-. otal-su port for varying the relative positions 0 said members.

3. The combination with a compound wound motor, of a controller for the series field winding, a controller for the shunt field winding, means for causing the simultaneous operation of said controllers for a like efiect on said field windings, and means for varyin the relative amount of movement of sa1d controllers.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names this 23rd day of December, 1912.

JOHN SEDGWIOK PECK. SIEGMUND ECKMANN. Witnesses: I

W. G. JOHNSON, V. M. ALLEN. 

